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Spinal Cord Injury - L4-5 Disc Herniation Compressing the Cauda Equina with Bowel and Bladder Dysfunction.  The medical illustration series pictures the lumbar spine and the L4-5 intervertebral disc herniation protruding into the spinal canal compressing the cauda equina. An anterior image of the lumbar region  shows that the bowel and bladder are innervated by nerve branches below the cord injury resulting in impaired function due to the compressed spinal nerve roots.